The 16th Amendment

The 16^th Amendment – IRS

There is EVIDENCE that the 16th wasn’t ‘lawfully’ approved and renders any question of the 16th Amendment as the foundation of any national tax law baseless. DOCUMENT NO. 97-120, of the 97TH CONGRESS, 1st Session, entitled How Our Laws Are Made, written by Edward F. Willett, Jr. Esq., Law Revision Counsel of the United States House of Representatives is the authority usually cited for the criticality of ratification without errors of spelling, capitalization, or punctuation in which the comparable exactitude in which bills must be concurred under federal legislative rules is detailed:

• Each amendment must be inserted in precisely the proper place in the bill, with the spelling and punctuation exactly the same as it was adopted by the House. Obviously, it is extremely important that the Senate receive a copy of the bill in the precise form in which it passed the House. The preparation of such a copy is the function of the enrolling clerk. (at 34) (emphasis added)
• When the bill has been agreed to in identical form by both bodies - either without amendment by the Senate, or by House concurrence in the Senate amendments, or by agreement in both bodies to the conference report - a copy of the bill is enrolled for presentation to the President.

• The preparation of the enrolled bill is a painstaking and important task since it must reflect precisely the effect of all amendments, either by deletion, substitution, or addition, agreed to by both bodies. The enrolling clerk ... must prepare meticulously the final form of the bill, as it was agreed to by both Houses, for presentation to the President.... each (amendment) must be set out in the enrollment exactly as agreed to, and all punctuation must be in accord with the action taken. (at 45) (emphasis added) In the case of Constitutional Amendments, as is evidenced above, editing the text of the Amendment at the state level, for any purpose, is not allowed. This is FACT and even your senator can find that in his rules. Since amending the proposed Amendment (in any way at the state level) negates any ‘Constitutional’ adoption of the proposed Amendment, one needs to note that (22) states, in fact, made changes to the proposed 16th Amendment prior to their ‘approval’. States which changed the wording of the proposed Amendment include: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington & Wyoming. Since these twenty two states changed/edited the Amendment submitted to them by Congress prior to their approval, it means the passage of the Amendment lacking these twenty two (22) states, was NOT lawfully approved or ‘adopted’ and is invalid. By extension, the very foundation of the “income tax” as enforced by the IRS against US Citizens, has no legal authority, based upon Congressional procedures since the founding of our Republic. This is a legal FACT - not fiction (and ‘they’ know it).